Kharkhorin – Capital of the Great Mongol Empire

Kharkhorin (formerly Karakorum) is one of the most historically significant cities in Mongolia. Founded by Ögedei Khan, son of Chinggis Khan, in the 13th century, it served as the capital of the Mongol Empire for several decades. Once a thriving hub of global diplomacy, commerce, and culture, it hosted merchants and emissaries from across Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.

While the original city was destroyed in the 14th century, its legacy lives on through the ruins and the stunning Erdene Zuu Monastery, built from the remnants of the ancient city. Today, Kharkhorin is a modest provincial town in Övörkhangai Province, offering a blend of deep history and rural Mongolian charm.

Key Features

• Erdene Zuu Monastery – the first Buddhist monastery in Mongolia
• Stone turtle statues and remnants of ancient city walls
• Museum of Kharkhorin – showcasing artifacts from Karakorum
• Peaceful riverside setting in the Orkhon Valley, a UNESCO site

Travel Tips

• Best visited with a local guide to understand historical context
• Comfortable guesthouses available in town
• Combine with visits to Tövkhön Monastery or Orkhon Waterfall
• Respect the spiritual ambiance of the monastery complex

Best Time to Visit

• June to September – pleasant weather and cultural events

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