Gandantegchinlen Monastery, commonly known as Gandan Monastery, is a prominent Buddhist monastery in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Established in 1809, it has played a central role in the country's religious and cultural history.
Historical Significance
The monastery's name translates to "The Great Place of Complete Joy." Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, Gandan Monastery was a vital center for Buddhist learning and practice in Mongolia. During the 1930s, under communist rule, many monasteries were destroyed, but Gandan was spared and functioned as a "show monastery" to represent Mongolia's cultural heritage. It was closed in 1938 but reopened in 1944, remaining the country's sole functioning monastery until the 1990s.
Key Features
- Migjid Janraisig Statue: The monastery houses a 26.5-meter-high statue of Migjid Janraisig (Avalokiteśvara), a symbol of compassion. The original statue was dismantled in 1938, but a new one was commissioned in 1996, adorned with over 2,000 precious stones and gilded with gold leaf.
- Temples and Colleges: The complex includes several temples, such as the Ochidara Temple and Didan-Lavran Temple, as well as colleges dedicated to Buddhist philosophy, medicine, and astrology. The Didan-Lavran Temple notably served as the residence of the 13th Dalai Lama during his stay in Ulaanbaatar in 1904.
Visiting Information
- Hours: The monastery is open daily from 8:30 AM to 7:00 PM. Morning ceremonies, starting around 9:00 AM, are particularly noteworthy.
- Entry Fee: The monastery compound is free to enter, but certain areas require an entry pass costing approximately 4,000 MNT (about $1.50 USD). Additional fees apply for photography.
- Location: Situated in the city center, Gandan Monastery is easily accessible by taxi or public transportation. It's approximately a 16-minute drive from the main city center.
Visitor Tips
- Dress Code: As an active place of worship, visitors should dress modestly to respect the sanctity of the site.
- Etiquette: Maintain a respectful demeanor, especially during ceremonies. Seek permission before photographing monks or religious activities.
- Donations: Contributions for the monastery's upkeep are appreciated.
Gandantegchinlen Monastery offers a profound insight into Mongolia's Buddhist heritage and remains a serene retreat amidst the bustling city of Ulaanbaatar.
