Ongi Monastery (Ongiin Khiid) is one of the most atmospheric and historically rich Buddhist ruins in Mongolia. Located in the arid plains of Saikhan-Ovoo soum in Dundgovi Province, the complex lies peacefully along the banks of the Ongi River. Founded in 1660, Ongi Monastery once stood as a symbol of Mongolian religious and educational life.

At its peak in the 19th century, Ongi Monastery was one of the largest religious centers in Mongolia. It consisted of two separate complexes on either side of the river, connected by a bridge. Over 1000 monks lived and studied here, and the complex boasted more than 28 temples, four Buddhist universities, and numerous administrative buildings. The southern complex was called Barlim Khiid and the northern one Khutagt Khiid.

The site played a key role in Buddhist education, philosophy, and political discourse during the Qing dynasty and into the early 20th century. Unfortunately, the monastery became a target during the Stalinist repression of the 1930s. In 1939, both complexes were completely destroyed, many monks were arrested, imprisoned, or executed, and all religious activity ceased.

After Mongolia’s democratic revolution in 1990, efforts began to restore Ongi Monastery. A small temple and stupa have been rebuilt, and a functioning monastery has been reestablished on the southern side. A modest museum now tells the story of the monastery’s grandeur, destruction, and revival.

Travelers can hike through the wide ruins, visit the newly restored stupa and temple, enjoy the peaceful river views, and reflect on Mongolia’s turbulent spiritual history. The nearby Ongi River, while small, provides a rare green oasis in the Gobi steppe. Sunset over the ruins is particularly beautiful.

Ongi Monastery is often included in overland tours between the central and southern parts of Mongolia, particularly those heading toward the Gobi Desert. The serene environment, historical weight, and sense of resilience make it a compelling and contemplative stop.

🗺️ Location